A message worth communicating;
要有值得交流的观点；
Gain the listeners\' atention: capture their interest and build their trust;
引起听众的注意：抓住他们的兴趣并赢得信任；
Emphasize understanding;
重视理解；
Obtain their feedback;
获得反馈；
Watch your emotional tone;
注意声调要有感情；
Persuade the audience;
说服听众；
How to gain confidence
怎样变得自信
Smile and glance at the audience;
微笑并看着观众；
Start very slowly, with your shoulders back and your chin up;
开始发言时要慢一点，身体保持昂首挺胸的姿态；
Open your speech by saying something very frankly;
开场白说一些真诚话；
Wear your very best clothes;
穿上自己最好的衣服；
Say something positive to yourself;
对自己说一些积极的话；
Four objectives of the speech
演讲的四个目标
To offer information;
提供信息；
To entertain the audience;
使听众感到乐趣；
To touch emotions;
动之以情；
To move to action;
使听众行动起来；
How to organize the speech
怎样组织演讲
To have a structure: such as first, second, third; geographically, north, south, east, west; compare and contrasts; our side versus their side; negative and positive;
要有一个结构：可以分一二三点；可以从地理上分东南西北；比较与对比；我方与他方；正面与反面；
To label the materials such as jokes, funny anecdotes, favorite sayings, interesting statistics;
将材料归类整理，如笑话、趣事、名人名言、有趣的数据；
To use notecards;
使用卡片；
How to use cards
怎样使用卡片
Number your cards on the top right;
在卡片的右上角标上数字；
Write a complete sentence on both your first and last card;
在第一张和最后一张上写上完整的句子；
Write up to five key words on other cards;
其他卡片上最多只能写五个关键词；
Use color to mark the words you want to emphasize;
用颜色来标记你想强调的词；
Remind yourself at a particular sport to check the time.
在某一处提醒自己查看时间．
How to cope with brownout
如何对付忘词
Just smile and go to the next card. Not the one in front of you, but to the next following. Look at the first word on it. This will be the point from which you will now continue. Of course you missed part of your speech. But nobody will notice it. They will blame themselves for not following your thoughts.
只需要微微一笑，继续下一张卡片上的内容，不是摆在你目前的那张卡片，而是下一张．看一下卡片上的第一个单词，这就是你要继续的要点．当然你会遗漏一部分内容，但是没有人会注意到这一点．听众只会责怪自己没有跟上你的思路．
How to begin
如何开头
To tell a story (about yourself);
讲个（自己的）故事；
To acknowledge the occasion of the gathering；
对大家能够聚在一起表示感谢；
To pay the listeners a compliment；
称赞一下听众；
To quote ；
引用名人名言；
To use unusual statistics；
使用一些不平常的数据；
To ask the audience a challenging question；
问观众一个挑战性的问题；
To show a video or a slide.
播放录像带或看幻灯片．
How to close
如何结尾
To repeat your opening;
重复你的开头；
To summarize your presentation;
概括你的演讲；
To close with an anecdote;
以趣事结尾；
To end with a call to action;
以号召行动结尾；
To ask a rhetorical question;
以反问结尾；
To make a statement;
以一个陈述句结尾；
To show an outline of your presentation.
展示演讲大纲．
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Eye contact
眼神交流
Move your eyes slowly from person to person, and pause two or three seconds with each listener;
眼睛慢慢地从一个移动到另一个人，在每一个人身上停留两到三秒钟时间；
Look at people straight or look at the bridge of their noses or chins;
眼睛直视听众，或看着他们的鼻梁或下巴
Look for the friendlier faces and smile at them one by one, then move on to the more skeptical members and smile at them one by one also;
找到那些看起来比较友善的听众，逐次朝他们微笑；然后目标转向那些有些怀疑的听众，也逐渐朝他们微笑；
Imagine the audience in bathrobes in case you are nervous.
如果你感到紧张，不妨想象听众都穿着浴衣的样子．
How to use the microphone
如何使用话筒
You must speak up and project your voice even if you are using a microphone;
即使是用话筒，也要声音响亮并运气发声；
Your voice should be resonant and sustained when you speak;
声音要有回声并能稍持续一阵儿；
Pitch your voice slightly lower than normal. Listeners tend to associate credibility and authority with a relatively deep voice;
音调要定得比正常讲话时低一些，听众往往把可信度与权威性与一个相对低沉的声音联系在一起；
Try to end declarative sentences on a low tone without, however, trailing off in volume;
尽量用降调结束陈述句，但不要减弱音量；
Slow down.
放慢语速．
Keynote speech
基调发言
A Keynote speech is to outline the subjects to be addressed by other speakers at an event,and to establish the tone of a meeting or program.
基调发言也称主题演讲，目的就是限定一个集会上其他演讲者演讲的主题，奠定一个会议或活动的基调．基调发言也直接关系到确立大会的感情基调．
What to say
演讲指南
Plan well in advance;
预先计划好；
Make sure you fully understand your role in the program;
保证自己充分了解在活动中的角色；
Devote care to structuring your speech logically;
认真地构思演讲，使其结构符合逻辑；
Devote care to setting the proper tone.
认真设定适当的基调．
